Climate change affects flight speed in wandering albatrosses

A new study published in the current issue of Science reports about climate change related effects in flight behavior in wandering albatrosses, breeding on Crozet Islands in the southern Indian Ocean. Due to climate change related phenomena the mean wind speed has increased in the southern oceans, between 50 and 60 S. Albatrosses use dynamic soaring, which is a way of extracting energy by soaring in the wind gradient in the boundary layer of the sea. The stronger the wind, the faster the albatrosses can fly. A french team, lead by Henri Weimerskirch, has studied wandering albatrosses on the Crozet Islands during 20 years. During this period the winds have increased, and the scientists have been able to measure related properties in the albatrosses. The albatrosses now forage further to the south, their flight speed has increased from 10 to 12 m/s, and their daily travel rate during foraging journeys has increased from 500 to 700 km/day. Better foraging success has led to improved breeding success, and the albatrosses have increased by about 1 kg in body mass. It seems as if we here have a positive effect related to the ongoing climate change, but the scientists mention that the predicted scenario of wind change will come to a deterioration further down the trail, so the observed effects may be temporary. It is very nice, though, to see a study reporting an association between climate change and flight speed.

Span efficiency of desert locusts

In a new paper, AFL-postdoc Per Henningsson, now working in the flight group at Oxford University, and Richard Bomphry have published a paper about "Time-varying span efficiency through the wingbeat of desert locusts" in the journal Interface. They use time-resolved PIV to work out the span efficiency, which is something that we have tried also in Lund. In a previous paper Richard Bomphrey had estimated that span-efficiency is 0.89 at mid-downstroke in the locust. The Oxford Group uses a slightly different calculation method that is customary in Lund, and so we will read this paper for our next lab meeting. The question is how much the difference in method matters to the final result, if it matters at all. It is nice to see the spread of PIV in the animal flight research community, and there are certainly still lots of research needed to be done. The answer, by the way, was 0.79.

New paper about aerodynamics in slow-flying flycatcher

Just of the press from the Journal of the Royal Society Interface is a paper about pied flycatcher aerodynamics, by aouthors Florian Muijres, Melissa Bowlin, Christoffer Johansson and Anders Hedenström. Stereo flow-visualization was used to study the wake vortices shed off the wings of flycatchers as they flew slowly in the wind tunnel. The results sow that the aerodynamic force is mainly from the downstroke, resulting in a closed vortex loop. The results also show that the tail is involved in deflecting the downwash, resulting in an aerodynamic efficiency comparable to that of cruising flight. During the upstroke the wings generate no significant forces, but the body-tail configuration does to some degree, and so the upstroke phase of slow flight is not completely uninteresting from an aerodynamics viewpoint.

Old and New Activities within Animal Flight Lab

First of all, a happy new year to AFL members and followers. At the transition between years one usually contemplates what has happened during the past year, and what will happen in the year to come, in the present case 2012. Last year, 2011, was a really productive year in the AFL, with Florian Muijres dissertation in April being a local peak. For the occasion Tom Daniel visited as opponent and we all had a great time. Now Florian and family has already arrived in Seattle, where Florian will make a postdoc with Michael Dickinson. We wish them the best of luck and look forward to get regular progress reports. During the autumn, postdoc Sophia Engel, Germany, left after a 2-year period here. Master student Gide Koekkoek, The Netherlands, finished his project on the bat flapper before the summer, and just after Christmas the corrected proofs of a paper was sent back to the journal. Another master student was Naid Mubalegh, France, who did a project on zebra finch flight during the spring. Here in Lund, we welcome Jonas Håkansson as a new PhD student. Last year we received an infrastructure grant that we are currently trying to spend, and hopefully the new equipment will serve us well in the wind tunnel. Finally, a reading tip in the form of a JEB paper about immune function decrease immediately after endurance flights in starlings. The picture is from our pre-christmas lab celebrations, with the hope we get reasons to celebrate many more times during 2012!

Lucia at animal flight lab

Lucia is celebrated each year on 13th December, with a choir consisting of Lucia herself (wearing candles in the hair), terns, staffans, nomes and other creatures. This year Lucia did not show up at the Biology Department, but the traditional beverages and ginger cookies were consumed as usual. Also members of the flight lab participated in the celebrations, taking a break from a brain-storming activity during the weekly lab-meeting. What should we like a new PIV-system to do for us? - that is the question.

CAnMove 2nd conference

During two days members of CAnMove have attanded the 2nd conference, whith invited talks given by various canmovians, including PhD-students, postdocs, seniors and two members of the Scientific Advisory Board. Marilyn Ramenofsky talked about her work on physiological adaptations to the annual cycles, using two populations the white-crowned sparrow, while Steven Reppert gave an overview about his lab's work monarch butterfly migration (see picture). The Animal Flight lab was well represented and gave two presentations (Christoffer and Anders). During the conference we also discussed how to further improve the activities within CAnMove, and how to facilitate even better research. It was a great meeting and now we just have to dig into it and move forward!

CAnMove 2nd conference

During two days members of CAnMove have attanded the 2nd conference, whith invited talks given by various canmovians, including PhD-students, postdocs, seniors and two members of the Scientific Advisory Board. Marilyn Ramenofsky talked about her work on physiological adaptations to the annual cycles, using two populations the white-crowned sparrow, while Steven Reppert gave an overview about his lab's work monarch butterfly migration (see picture). The Animal Flight lab was well represented and gave two presentations (Christoffer and Anders). During the conference we also discussed how to further improve the activities within CAnMove, and how to facilitate even better research. It was a great meeting and now we just have to dig into it and move forward!